Egypt, covering 1.001.449 square km of land, stands at the crossroads of Africa, Asia & the Mediterranean Europe.

A wide desert gifted by the second longest river in the world. The Nile flows cutting a jagged green line about 1600 Km long across the Sahara, reaching Cairo the Nile spreads out forming the most extensive oasis on earth, the Delta bounded by two main outlets; the east branch, Dumyat (240 KM long), and the west branch, Rosetta (235 KM long), both outlets named after the ports located at their mouth.

West of the Nile, the western desert spans the area from the Mediterranean Sea south to the Sudanese border covering about 700.000square Km.
The desert's Jilf al Kabir plateau has an altitude of about 1000 meters. The great Sand Sea lies within the desert 's plain & extends from the Siwa oasis to Jilf al Kabir.

East of the Nile, the relatively mountainous Eastern desert rises abruptly from the Nile & extends over 220.000 square Km. The area is generally isolated from the rest of the country. There is no oasis cultivation in the region because of the difficulty in sustaining any form of agriculture. Except for a few villages & monasteries on the Red Sea coast there are no permanent settlements.

Sinai, this triangular area covers about 61.100 square Km, the peninsula contains mountains in its southern sector that are a geological extension of the red sea hills, the low range along the red sea coast that includes Mount Catherina, the country highest point 2642 meters. The northern sector of Sinai is a flat, sandy coastal plain, which extends from the Suez Canal into the Gaza Strip and Israel.